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04Precedent · how it went for them

The situation“Every option on the table feels the same and none of them excite me.”

Leaders who made the same call — what each did, and how it went.

WorkedHalf-workedShouldn’t have been tried

Worked · Tamara Nall, Leading Niche, 2010 onwards

Before founding Leading Niche in 2010, Tamara Nall was on the partnership track at Booz Allen Hamilton — the credentials, the projects, the set of senior colleagues who were about to say yes.

Worked · Daniel Zhang, Alibaba, mid-2010s

When Zhang became CEO of Alibaba in 2015, the company was already one of the largest e-commerce businesses in the world, and the available strategic options all looked similar — more categories, more markets, more merchants, more logistics.

Half-worked · Whitney Wolfe Herd, Bumble, 2025

When Whitney Wolfe Herd returned to Bumble as CEO in March 2025, the dating-app market was running on a set of growth metrics the industry had accepted for years as the measures of health: paying user counts, monthly active users, revenue growth.

Shouldn’t have been tried · Gowalla, 2009–2012

Gowalla launched as a location-based app with a distinctive vision: see the world through the places your friends had been.